Group Discussion
Group Discussion is
an important tool in the selection process. It is mostly used for selecting
candidates for management posts. Here, the candidates are divided into small
groups. Each group contains six to eight candidates. Each group is given a
topic for discussion. They are also given a time limit for discussing this
topic. The topic may be a general or current topic. For e.g. "Leaders are
born, not made". Each participant has to give his or her views about this
topic. The selectors observe the full discussion. After the time limit is over,
the best candidate from the group is selected. The same process is followed for
other groups.
Group discussion is mostly
unstructured. That is, every single step is not planned in advance. Each
candidate is not given a time limit for speaking. Similarly, the order of
speaking, that is, who will speak first and who will speak last is not fixed in
advance. The candidates have to decide how to conduct the group discussion. The
selectors see how the group takes shape, and who contributes most to it. They
also judge the knowledge of each candidate, time management, leadership
quality, behaviour, etc.
Purposes/Objectives of group discussion:
Group discussion actually
detail the area of approach to a problem or topic. A fruitful group discussion
should include the following objectives:
1. Suggestions: Advice and
ideas, together with suggestions, they form the core heart of a group
discussion. It is through these tools that a meaningful and practically
implementable solution can be reached. Intermingling of these suggestions give
rise to a new ones, creating a space for best possible output.
2. Wide approach: Group
discussion helps to provide wide approach to any matter under consideration, as
it include members from a large number of different sections of a particular
business organisation. The beauty of entire process is in the area of span it
can give to a problem’s redressal.
3. Decision Making: Group
discussion should be able to justify itself as a tool for rational evaluation
of a problem and thereon reach to a suitable decisions, based on erstwhile
suggestions made by the members. It also makes it easier for the leader to able
to take even the toughest of decision with an ease, because by group discussion
he can know what is supported by other members of the organisation.
4. Exchange of ideas:
Group discussion should also be able to tap the working of every mind, engaged
in the process, by the exchange of ideas put forth.
5. Productive activity:
Group discussion is always supposed to be a productive activity in a business
concern. It always a method which helps to procure the best possible decision
for a concern.
Advantages of Group discussions: A group discussion has the
following advantages:
1. More rational decision:
The Group can produce more rational decisions because of deep understanding and
application of many minds in comparison to a single mind.
2. More means: The group
can pull together better resources. The joint resources of the group would be
superior to the resources of an individual.
3. Division of labour: The
group decision may lead to division of labour. People specializing in different
fields will contribute their expertise separately to achieve a better goal. In
group discussions, the process of sharing of views helps to eliminate errors of
judgement.
4. Commitment: Group
discussions results in commitment as it gives a feeling of involvement and
acceptance of the decision.
5. Increase in knowledge:
Group discussion increases the knowledge and understanding of the participants.
They exchange ideas, views, opinions and discuss the same at length. There is
practically no chance of ambiguity.
6. Solution for complex
problems: Modern organisations face sufficiently complex problems. Their
solution calls for group discussion wherein persons with different abilities
express their valued opinions.
7. Encouragement of
democratic and innovative thinking: All members enjoy full freedom and
opportunity to express their opinion in group discussion. As a result of it,
development of democratic and innovative thinking get encouraged.
Limitations of group discussions: A group discussion also suffers
from certain limitations:
1. Delay: Group discussion
take time to be arranged and to take decisions.
2. Conflicts: The members
whose views are not accepted may feel offended. Personal conflicts and rivalry
may obstruct proper and timely decision.
Why
are Group Discussions used as a part of the selection process?
Nowadays, be it any stream
or field, interaction skills are highly valued. By means of group discussions
recruiters judge candidates capabilities in and out. Group discussions have
become an integral step of evaluation for process of recruitment and
admissions. These discussions are aimed at appraising various aspects of
personality like confidence, communication skill, patience, etc. At the same
time Group discussions are also important to evaluate one’s command on the
given topic.
Group Discussions measure
certain attributes of the candidates that are otherwise difficult to identify
and time consuming to assess. A number of people who can communicate their
ideas well and discuss effectively with others in a one-to-one situation become
tongue-tied in a group situation. They will just not be able to present their
ideas or discuss their ideas with the other members of the group. A Group
Discussion will identify people who have such group communication skills and
people who do not possess such group communication skills.
In today's context, the
organizations are interested in team players rather than individual
contributors. During the Group Discussion, the panel essentially evaluates the
candidate's potential to be a leader and also his/her ability to work in teams.
Most organizations today are very clear about the skills and knowledge that
they look for in a candidate while screening. This was not the case a couple of
years ago. Group Discussion has been a part of the Selection process for
admission into most of the top Business Schools Earlier, some of the
Pharmaceutical Companies like Ranbaxy, Glaxo, Cipla, Lupin, etc used to conduct
Group Discussions as a part of their Screening Process for Selection of
candidates as Medical Representatives. Most of the other companies also used to
conduct GD while selecting candidates for marketing related Posts. Today,
almost every company, (including TCS, SATYAM, WIPRO, INFOSYS, INFOTECH, ORACLE,
CTS, CANBAY, POLARIS, etc) both IT and non-IT has GD as part of their Selection
Process.
The skills that are
usually assessed in a Group Discussion are:
• Communication
Skills
• Interpersonal
Skills
• Leadership Skills
• Motivational
Skills
• Team Building
Skills
• Tolerance to
Ambiguity
• Divergent Thinking
• Listening skills
• Presentation
Skills
• Analytical / Logical
skills,
So, it's important to
assess candidate’s current strengths in all these areas and accordingly put efforts
to strengthen their weaknesses.
Tips
for Success in GDs (Group Discussions)
a) Initiate - Break
the ice, be the first one to start the discussion, if somebody else has
started, relax. There are a lot of opportunities later.
b) Listen -
Carefully. Communication is a lot about listening. Listen, Comprehend, Analyse.
When you listen carefully, it allows you to contemplate and analyse which helps
in speaking the right thing at the right time.
c) Remember - Names,
Facts, Figures, Quotations. It helps a lot if you know who has spoken what. If
permitted, you can use a notepad to write.
d) Observe - Body
language, how conversation shapes up, gets diverted. Then do the right thing at
the right time.
e) Manage - People.
At times there are people who create difficult situations. These are best
opportunities to demonstrate assertive attitude.
f) Communicate - Be
frank, clear, firm and jovial in your communication. Your voice should reach
out but not irritate people.
g) Summarise - If you
did not initiate the talk, this is the right time. If you have been listening
carefully, your summary will be the best one.
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